Benjamin Harrison - The 23rd President of the United States

Benjamin Harrison - The 23rd President of the United States Benjamin Harrison was the grandson of Americas ninth president, William Henry Harrison. He was a Civil War hero, having ended the was as a brigadier general. He dealt with civil service reform and fighting against monopolies and trusts while he was president. Following is a list of fast facts for Benjamin Harrison. For more in depth information, you can also read the Benjamin Harrison Biography Birth: August 20, 1833 Death: March 13, 1901 Term of Office: March 4, 1889-March 3, 1893 Number of Terms Elected: 1 Term First Lady: Caroline Lavinia Scott - She died of tuberculosis while he was in office. Caroline was key in building the Daughters of the American Revolution.   Benjamin Harrison Quote: Unlike many other people less happy, we give our devotion to a Government, to its Constitution, to its flag, and not to men.Additional Benjamin Harrison Quotes Major Events While in Office: Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)Sherman Silver Purchase Act (1890)Electricity Installed in White House (1891) States Entering Union While in Office: Montana (1889)Washington (1889)South Dakota (1889)North Dakota (1889)Wyoming (1890)Idaho (1890) Related Benjamin Harrison Resources: These additional resources on Benjamin Harrison can provide you with further information about the president and his times. Benjamin Harrison BiographyTake a more in depth look at the twenty-third president of the United States through this biography. Youll learn about his childhood, family, early career, and the major events of his administration. Chart of Presidents and Vice Presidents This informative chart gives quick reference information on the presidents, vice-presidents, their terms of office, and their political parties. Other Presidential Fast Facts: Grover ClevelandGrover ClevelandList of American Presidents

Green to Red Color Change Christmas Chemistry Demo

Green to Red Color Change Christmas Chemistry Demo Color-change demonstrations are classic fare for the chemistry classroom. The most common color change reaction may be the Blue Bottle (blue-clear-blue) chemistry demonstration and the Briggs-Rauscher oscillating clock (clear-amber-blue), but if you use different indicators you can get color-change reactions to suit just about any occasion. For example, you can perform a green-red-green color change reaction for a bit of Christmas chemistry. This color change demonstration uses the indigo carmine indicator. Christmas Color Change Demo Materials One of best parts of this demonstration is that you dont need very many ingredients: water (distilled is best, but you can use tap water if your pH is close to neutral)15 grams glucose7.5 grams sodium hydroxideindigo carmine indicatorbeakers or other clear containers Perform the Indigo Carmine Indicator Demo Prepare a 750 ml aqueous solution with 15 g glucose (solution A) and a 250 ml aqueous solution with 7.5 g sodium hydroxide (solution B).Warm solution A to around body temperature (98-100 °F).Add a pinch of indigo carmine, the disodium salt of indigo-5,5-disulphonic acid, to solution A. A pinch is enough indicator to make solution A visibly blue.Pour solution B into solution A. This will change the color from blue → green. Over time, this color will change from green → red/golden yellow.Pour this solution into an empty beaker, from a height of ~60 cm. Vigorous pouring from a height is essential in order to dissolve oxygen from the air into the solution. This should return the color to green.Once again, the color will return to red/golden yellow. The demonstration may be repeated several times. How Indigo Carmine Works Indigo carmine, also known as  5,5-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt,  indigotine,  FDC Blue #2), has the  chemical formula is  C16H8N2Na2O8S2. It is used as a food coloring agent and as  a pH indicator. For chemistry, the purple salt is typically prepared as a 0.2% aqueous solution. Under these conditions, the solution is blue at pH 11.4 and yellow at pH 13.0. The molecule may also be used as a redox indicator, since it turns yellow when it is reduced. Other colors may be produced, depending on the specific reaction. Other uses of indigo carmine include dissolved ozone detection, as a dye for foods and medications, to detect amniotic fluid leaks in obstetrics, and as an intravenous dye to map the urinary tract. Health and Safety Information Indigo carmine may be harmful if inhaled. Avoid contact with the eyes or skin, which can cause irritation. Sodium hydroxide is a strong base that can cause irritation and burns. So, wear use care and wear gloves, a lab coat, and goggles setting up the demonstration. The solution may be safely disposed of down the drain, with running water.

SOC 428 (Families, Delinquency, & Crimes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

SOC 428 (Families, Delinquency, & Crimes - Essay Example The impact of working mothers on childcare and development of young children is even greater. With less time to spend together as a family, the development of children is then influenced to an even greater extent on external factors outside the family circle. The school environment, the social interaction with other children in the neighborhood, participation in local clubs and societies etc. take on a bigger role in shaping the social character of the child and extent, if any, of an inclination towards antisocial behaviors. The importance of greater time for social interaction of parents with their children in the context of the relationship between family variables and child behavior is discussed in Family Process journal1, wherein it states that â€Å"although a diversity of factors may be associated with the development and maintenance of conduct/oppositional disorders in children, of primary importance are the moment-to-moment interactions that the child has with his or her primary caregivers.† It is an unfortunate present day reality that in many families, parents do not spend sufficient time with their children as they used to, usually due to work commitments. So it is no surprise that they acquire habits, attitudes and behaviors from elsewhere that prove detrimental to their future lives. As far as the effects of the neighborhood is concerned on family processes, especially in the absence of sufficient parental involvement in the lives of their children, it too can be a significant factor. Emily and Daniel2 conducted a longitudinal study from toddlerhood to school entry of the impact of neighborhood disadvantage on early child overt behavior problems in a low-income, urban sample of 281 African American and European American boys. Neighborhood effects on boys behavior emerged, albeit only at age 6 at the extreme of neighborhood disadvantage. Findings suggested that boys in underclass

To what extent is migrant integration determined by formal and Essay

To what extent is migrant integration determined by formal and substantial citizenship - Essay Example Prior to an analysis of the subject, it is critical to describe the key terms in the paper. Literature defines migrant integration as the extent to which migrants are like the rest of the population. This may be seen through social economic indications like education, employment, housing and health. Alternatively, it may be manifested through cultural indicators like language, values, lifestyles and allegiances. Citizenship is the relationship one has between himself or herself and the state; it is political, civil, social, economic, cultural and symbolic. Formal citizenship focuses strictly on rights and duties that arise from one’s membership status within the state. Substantial citizenship refers to the economic, moral, and social resources to exercise rights .The phenomenon encompasses the lived experiences and the extent to which these rights are exercised. It is subjective and dwells on the social exchanges and interactions of people. These definitions thus indicate that having citizenship rights and putting into practice those rights enable social integration. If a migrant has access to citizens’ rights, they are more likely to bond with members of that community and demonstrate allegiance to it. Whether migrant integration is determined by formal and substantial citizenship Openness and inclusiveness as a precondition of migrant integration As mentioned in the introduction, formal citizenship encompasses the resources required to exercise citizenship rights. One dimension of these resources is the social dimension. A society’s value system can determine how effectively a migrant integrates with the larger society. If upon citizenship acquisition, they find that their society tolerates cultural diversity, then they are likely to deliberately choose integration (Berry, 1997). It should be noted that integration may be considered as one of four dimensions of migrant acculturation. Foreigners have the choice to assimilate, where they ab andon all their former cultures and adopt the ones in their host country. Conversely, they may choose to separate, where they hold onto their original cultures and ignore that of the dominant community. They may integrate by maintaining cultural ties in their native communities and adopting cultures from the receiving community. Alternatively, individuals in this group may lose ties with their former culture and also fail to adopt the culture of the dominant group; as such, they will become marginalised. Therefore, the degree of integration of immigrants in this sense can only occur if a society has values that encourage multiculturalism. The attitudes prevalent in the receiving country must be positive towards these groups. A person may have formal rights as a citizen but when they meet social characteristics that do not enable realisation of these rights then they will not integrate into society. Berry (1997) notes that sometimes these attitudes may stem from the physical features of the group or other characteristics. As such, even though Koreans may have acquired formal

Capital from profit Essay Example for Free

Capital from profit Essay Describe the sources of internal and external finance, available to Barneys business.  There are two main ways that business can access financial resources:  1. Internal sources ( within the business)  This is the money you can get within the business:  Owners savings- I believe Barney has some money for himself if he is thinking to start a new business, because its the owners who are often invest in their company to cover the setting up costs. It might be the only source they available immediately for them as for sole traders like Barney, banks or other financial institution unlikely to offer a loan as there is too much risk involved, and if you have that kind of money it is really good for the business as you will not have to pay it back by monthly or pay an interest. Capital from profit- this will become available after the business set up and operating. Once they have run for certain time, they may make some profit to invest into the business to run or buy more stock or buy new machinery to grow the business  2. External sources (outside the business)  There are number of different external sources that business can get money from to help them to set up or invest in. Banks- they can offer loans, overdrafts and business account to businesses but you will have to have a good business plan to get it. Loans are not easy to get and might not be a good option for small business as you must pay it back with interest in certain amount of time and if the company goes down the owner will end up with huge debt. The choice I would suggest is the overdraft for him as it is flexible and you wont have to pay a penny unless it is used, there are some banks who offer interest free overdraft, if you can get it will be a win! Friends/Family- you can always seek for help from your friends and families and you can even offer them a share for return of their investment or just borrow some money from them to put towards the business if they are nice enough. I would say it is the best option of borrowing money as you dont pay interest and it is your family they will not give you to court unless you run with their money. Government grants- these are available from the EU, national/local government. A grant is money you can receive as a business man; a good thing about it is that you dont have to pay it back. If Barney falls under the age group of 18-30 he can get a low interest loan from Princes Trust.  (a) The purpose of budgets, and how they can be used to monitor and control the performance of Barneys business, including, the monitoring of actual performance against budget and the use of variance analysis. Budget is a written plan with spending which will occur and a revenue that is need in the future to cover these costs. The purpose of it is it gives you clear understanding of what to expect to spend/receive in the future (coming year) to prevent or act any crisis before it happens. It also can be used as a communication between the employees to understand the objectives of the business and work towards it. For owners they can see how well their managers managing the budget plan and performance of them.

Paula Fass Outside In Essay -- Teaching Education Essays

Paula Fass' Outside In In Outside In, Paula Fass asserts that the form and function American education has been determined by the equilibrium between two predominate goals and ideals of education— to create a unified society with common values and beliefs (ecclesiastical objective) and to nurture the individual potential of each student by observing the individual needs and desires that students bring to public instruction (liberal objective). . The author aims to illuminate the tension that exists today between these two objectives by exploring how American education served â€Å"the other† throughout the first half of the twentieth century. Fass’s definition of the â€Å"other† includes those groups â€Å"outside the power networks that organized school systems and ran school organizations†(9). Outside In focuses on four groups in particular—immigrants, blacks, women, and Catholics. The experience each group brings a unique perspective to the evolving state of American education during this time period. Fass places most emphasis on the role of immigration and industrialization in the development of the aspirations, tensions and paradoxes of American education. In many ways, the problem of the immigrant at the turn of the 20th century gave birth to the ecclesiastical and liberal objectives of education. Before the development of the industrial age, an individual’s employment provided an important socializing experience. Industrialization greatly expanded employment opportunities, but the work was often brute manual labor with little educational value. Fass summarizes the reformist opinion of the time to be that â€Å"industrial labor failed to fit an older framework of socialization and did not serve as a force for social cohesion†(18).... ...sts discovered when they tried to cater to the individual needs of immigrants, to emphasize one objective is to sacrifice the other. The plight of blacks and women in the first part of the 20th century suggests that even the noblest of philosophies are not guaranteed to serve individuals in practice. Further, federal intervention into education, such as with the No Child Left Behind Act, should give educators pause to question what educational oversights would cause the federal government to intervene in its historical role as protector of the overlooked and unnoticed. Finally, the success of Catholic schools in the 1950’s and 1960’s is suggestive of the value of a standard, academic curriculum, but one must remember that Catholic schools enjoy the luxury of choosing the students they educate. Works Cited: Fass, Paula. Outside In New York: Oxford Press, 1989

American Popular Culture and Advertisement

In this essay I will describe the impact that popular American culture has had on my personal decision making, by briefly describing popular American culture; identifying patterns in my list of popular culture artifacts from my inventory, describing which items are more common than others, identify which themes are prevalent, and describing some of the values being communicated by the items in my list. American popular culture can be describes as the ideas, attitudes, and perspectives within the current mainstream of the American population. Popular culture here in American is heavily influenced by the mass media which saturates the lives of our society. This mass culture can been viewed as a commercial culture, mass produced for mass consumption and has expressed itself through almost every medium, like music, movies, politics and even sports like good old American Baseball; although it easily absorbs many others cultural traditions like soccer which originated from England, and yoga which is said to be as old as civilization itself. Some of the patterns of the items in my list of artifacts are those of consumption, and there are other artifacts that are just to sell an idea or service. What is obvious in each of the themes in my list of artifacts is that they are designed to grab your attention, and those that are more common than others are the magazines, billboards, and television. They are all conveniently displayed while waiting for your appointment, getting gas for your car or just waiting at a stop light on the way to your destination. These artifacts entice, seduce and focus on pleasure or some type of social responsibility like the billboards asking anyone to assist the LAPD to identify the women who were murdered by the â€Å"grim sleeper. † The extent to which I feel that the value of popular American culture has had on my personal decision making is great. I watch television to keep up with current events for socializing with others and feeling a part of, I listen to music for the same reason, and many of the decisions I make as an American is to feel a part of American culture. I am very aware of the impact that the influence of this popular culture has on my decision making, how I am seduced to buy a product from an infomercial that states I can look younger, or remove any flaws I may have or lose excess pounds of weight, knowing that I will be billed for much more than they advertised. I am quite aware that I don’t need most of the items I find in the advertisements, but my vanity and wanting to be younger, better, thinner, or even have more money, the seduction draws me in and consciously fall into place with many who assimilate to this hegemonic culture feeling like I am doing what I am supposed to do.

Learning outcome Essay

1.1 explain own role and responsibilities and boundaries of own role as a teacher . Write a essay explain the your role and responsibilities including the limits of your teaching role. Word limited (200) 1.2 Identify key aspects of relevant current legislative requirements and codes of practice within a specific context -The student will write a essay explaining the NEW STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS AND TRAINERS. Explaining the new standards expected, including details of Health and Safety. – Make a list of location where you can research changes to your subject topic including details of location and the method of research. 1.3 identify other points of referral available to meet the potential needs of students -Draw a mind map for your preferred learning style and include it within your portfolio. 1.4 identify issues of equality and diversity and ways to promote inclusion -Define equality and diversity. -What does the term inclusive mean? (100 words) – Place copies of equal opportunities policies from a number of companies if your company does not have any. -Write a short essay explaining the importance to address the issues of qualify , diversity and inclusion within your training area. (200 word) 1.5 Explain the need of record keeping. Write a reflective piece explaining how you feel about keeping paper work and record keeping. (200) 2.0 understand appropriate teaching and learning approaches in the specialist area. 2.1 Identify and demonstrate relevant approaches for a specialist teaching area. -Write a brief essay explaining the approaches for a specialist teaching area. (200) 2.2 Explain ways to embed elements of functional skills in the specialist area. -With reference to an experience teacher you have previously observed in your specialist area. Explain how your teacher can keep up to date with their teaching practice in their specialist teaching area? How can your teaching incorporate communication and numeracy? 2.3 Justify the selection of teaching and learning approaches for a specialist session. in reflective piece explain a teaching session that you have delivered and the reason you have used a teaching approached. If you are not teaching currently, explain a teaching approach that you have seen for a spe cific session. 3.0 Demonstrate session planning skills. 3.1 Plan a teaching and learning session which meets the needs of individual students. -complete a full teaching plan for the micro teaching session. (presentation) 3.2 Justify selection of resources for a specific session. -Write a brief essay of (100) explaining the reason for the use of specific resources within your teaching session. 4 Understand how to deliver inclusive sessions which motivate students. 4.1 Explain ways to establish ground rules with students which underpin appropriate behavior and respect for others. Write a brief statement explaining methods of establishing clear ground rules . Give a examples of a ground rules list. 4.2 use a range of appropriate and effective teaching and learning approaches to engage and motivate students. Feedback sheets for other students 4.3 Explain and demonstrate good practice in give feedback Complete a essay explaining good practice and examples of bad practice. 4.4 Communicate appropriately and effectively with students. – copy of the feedback from lead instructions and internal Verifier. 4.5 Reflect on and evaluate the effectiveness of own teaching. Complete a reflection on the effective of the teaching method used and the ways you can improve your teaching practices. 5 understand the use of different assessment methods and the need of record keeping. 5.1 Identify different assessment methods -Write a reflection piece on the type of assessment you have experienced during your training time and school experience and the methods that have been effective and ineffective. (200 words) 5.2 Explain the use of assessment methods in different contexts, including reference to initial assessment. -Write a essay explaining the use of assessment methods and the different times you would use this method including details of initial assessment prior to starting a course. Including details of the types of assessment that are suitable for different areas. How can you use this assessment techniques be used to assessment learner progress. 5.3 Explain the need for record keeping in relation to assessment. -Briefly explain the need for record keeping due to the fact and relationship of the awarding bodies and the requirement of tractability of all document and processes.

Definition and Examples of Letters as Symbols

Definition and Examples of Letters as Symbols A letter is an alphabetic symbol such as A or a. There are 26 letters in the modern English alphabet. Among the world’s languages, the number of letters ranges from 12 in the Hawaiian alphabet to 231 principal characters in the Ethiopian syllabary. Etymology From the Latin, shape or symbol used in writing The Efficiency of the Alphabet Because letters work at the phonemic level and are unencumbered by any extra baggage of sound, they achieve maximum efficiency. Our six letters of pencil can easily be broken out and rearranged within countless other wordslien, Nile, stipend, clip,that sound nothing like pencil. Letters are the original snap-on tools: They build on each other as necessary, so you actually need fewer items in your toolkit. With 26, we capture reasonably well the approximately 500,000 words of English.(David Sacks, Letter Perfect: The Marvelous Story of Our Alphabet From A to Z. Broadway, 2004) The History of Letters From A to BThe symbol A indicated in Semitic a glottal consonant that did not exist in Greek. Its Semitic name was aleph, the initial apostrophe here indicating the consonant in question; and, because the name means ox, it has been thought to represent an oxs head, though interpreting many of the Semitic signs as pictorial characters presents as yet insuperable difficulties (Gelb 1963, pp. 140-41).   By ignoring the initial Semitic consonant of the letters name, the Greeks adopted this symbol as a vowel, which they called alpha. Beta  was ultimately somewhat modified in form to B by the Greeks, who wrote it and other reversible letters facing in either direction; in the early days of writing they wrote from right to left, as the Semitic peoples usually did and as the Hebrew is still written. From the Greek modifications of the Semitic names of the first two letters, the word alphabet is ultimately derived.(Thomas Pyles and John Algeo, The Origins and Development of the English La nguage, 3rd ed., 1982) The Roman Alphabet in Old English and Middle English [A]  linguistic connection between the Anglo-Saxons  who settled in the British Isles and other Germanic tribes is their use of the runic alphabet, developed on the continent for scratching short messages onto wood or stone. But runic writing had only a limited use in Britain; the conversion to Christianity brought with it the Roman alphabet, which was established as the principal medium for Old English written  records. Because it was devised for writing Latin rather  than English, the Roman alphabet was not a perfect fit for the Old English sound system. Latin had no th sound and consequently no letter to represent it; to fill this gap the Anglo Saxons imported  the letter thorn, à ¾, from the runic alphabet. This letter remained in use for writing English until the fifteenth century, when it developed a y-shaped appearance; it now survives in this modified form in faux archaic ye olde tea shoppe signs, where ye should properly be pronounced the.​(Simon Horobin,  How English Became English. Oxford University Press, 2016) The Lighter Side of Letters Im good friends with 25 letters of the alphabet. I dont know Y.(Comedian Chris Turner, quoted by Mark Brown in Edinburgh Fringes 10 Funniest Jokes Revealed. The Guardian, August 20, 2012)

How Research-Driven Marketing Generates Demand With Michele Linn

How Research-Driven Marketing Generates Demand With Michele Linn Can a well-researched piece of content from a single URL help bring in millions of views in just one year? The answer is, â€Å"Yes.† knows exactly how that feels. Researched content helps you drive 10X results that convert into profitable customer action. Today, we’re talking to Michele Linn, who knows everything about research-driven content marketing. She is the co-founder and chief strategy officer at Mantis Research. Michele has amazing advice to offer on how to succeed at content marketing. Research is crucial for content marketing; people want to find data that supports their thoughts and beliefs; become the authoritative source for some type of topic Examples of research include ’s State of Marketing Strategy Report, and research reports from Salesforce and Robert Half Find new ideas for your audience/niche by conducting a survey, or looking for a stat that people believe but is not backed up by data Audiences that care most about research-based content are those in a new industry to gain justification, and on social media that like to share stats Importance of research-driven content to prove or disprove something Targeting Topics: Is it something that’s interesting to your audience? Does it align with your brand’s story? Is there other research available on this topic? Research can be time consuming, about 4-6 months; but it is worth the effort Research can be a guiding force and the glue that holds your story and editorial strategy together Pitching researched content to justify time spent; what does client care about? Content to produce results; start out small, don’t do too much at once Tools and processes work well to gather research; try surveys and secondary research; determine sample size to be considered representative and valid Metrics to measure for success include media mentions, impressions of research, leads, downloads, email subscribers, and backlinks Research Process: 1) Strategy and planning, 2) Data science, 3) Compile data and turn into story, 4) Incorporate research into blogs, infographs, videos, etc. Links: Mantis Research Content Marketing Institute Ultimate Guide: How to Publish Survey-Based Research for Content Marketing State of Marketing Strategy Report Salesforce Robert Half Andy Crestodina DivvyHQ Andrea Fryrear SurveyGizmo Write and send a review to receive a care package If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Michele Linn: â€Å"What we are trying to do with marketers is help them publish their own original research.† â€Å"Research is a real opportunity because you and your brand become the authoritative source for some type of topic.† â€Å"I think it can work for a lot of different industries, you just have to figure out what your audience truly cares about.† â€Å"When you have research, it really can be that guiding force and that glue that holds your whole story and your whole editorial strategy together.†

Strategic Management business organization Essay

Strategic Management business organization - Essay Example It is highly important that the company designs and executes a specific strategy, as it will be the master plan with which it will pattern all its strategic moves and actions. Lack of a specific strategy is a "surefire ticket for organizational drift, competitive mediocrity, internal wheel-spinning and lackluster results (Thomson 2002)." Second, Thomson argues that business entities need to devise and implement strategies, as the efforts of all the functional areas in the company should be molded into a "coordinated, compatible whole." A comprehensive strategy takes all the business units into account making each action mutually supportive. Without a well-laid out strategic plan, there will be no basis for uniting the efforts of all the functional areas, no clear direction on the business decisions and plans that the business takes, and no conscious business model for profit generation. Kotler has argued that business entities are currently operating on hypercompetitive environment which is characterized by more stringent competition and higher buyer leverage. In this kind of situation, strategic management becomes more instrumental in the success and even mere survival of company. This report argues that strategic management directly and strongly affects the performance of an organisation. By organizational performance we refer to the ability of an organization to use its resources efficiently and to produce outputs that are consistent with its goals. This in order for an organisation to measure its performance, it must first establish a set of goals and objectives that it wants to achieve to use as benchmark with its actual performance. Setting the company's direction will enable managers know where the company is heading as well as the strategies to be employed in order to for the company to achieve what it wants to become. Consequently, organisational performance is often dependent on how well the company handling its strategic management. By employing the tools devised for strategic management, a company is able to gain significant information about its external and internal environment, enabling it to tailor a strategy to align its strengths with opportunities. Formulating the right strategy will enable the company to enhance its organizational performance. Strategic management is therefore one of the most crucial areas in management. Coming up with a specific strategy, which will be the basis of company's actions, processes and decisions is a must. A well-crafted strategy is indispensable to the company's performance and long-term success. It is therefore important that a business entity comes up with a unique strategy tailored for the achievement of its goals and objectives. Devising a purposeful and efficient strategy is a tedious task and managers should be armed with different techniques in diagnosing the company in order to prescribe the "right" strategy. The next section will look at the different models which are employed to aid managers in this strategy making process. PESTEL stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and

Ethical Issues in HRM Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical Issues in HRM Strategy - Essay Example Thus, the rewards of practicing effective HRM practices are inevitable just as the dire consequences of sidestepping HRM principles are sure. Question 1 The area that overlaps in the new client organization with others that I have served in has to do with organizational performance. Herein, other areas such as creating a feasible performance target, carrying out performance appraisal, and establishing the best way for sealing performance gap emerge. This overlap is underpinned by the fact that performance is the main reason for general organization existence. Creating a performance target directly relates to all organization’s goals, vision and mission statement. Performance appraisal, on the other hand, will help determine whether an organization has hit its target or not, at the end of a fiscal year. Question 2 There are certain ethical issues that may accost the ratification of expert knowledge of other organizational HRM strategies with the new client. Particularly, the pr oposition that the client organization downsizes some of its staff to avoid redundancy and as part of closing the performance gap readily brings ethical concerns. This may mean that there are many who are going to forfeit their source of livelihood, their input in and experience with the client organization notwithstanding. Similarly, the signing of performance contracts may also underscore the ethical concern above since an employee’s security of tenure will be pegged on his performance. Conversely, persuading a part of the staff to embrace workshop and training programs may be an ethical challenge, given that some in this section may be older, both in terms of age and tenure in the client organization. At the same time, workshop drives and training programs may eat into employees’ private and family lives if study travels are involved (O'Higgins & Kelleher, 2005). Question 3 One of the best approaches to customizing HRM strategy to business strategies is the incorpor ation of HRM strategies into the business organization’s mission statement, objectives and strategy. By doing this, the business organization’s synergy will be extended and channeled towards the fulfillment of the client organization’s mission statement and long-term objectives. At the same time, the modus operandi that the business organization will be using is one that will be in tandem with HRM strategies. Some of these strategies that an organization may incorporate into its performance strategies may include the signing of performance contracts, introducing and observing workshop drives and training programs, and using behavioral techniques which portend the introduction of rewards (for diligent and committed employees) and punishment (for employees who consistently and knowingly disregard due diligence and proper workmanship) (Valentine & Hollingworth, 2012). As Caldwell and Truong (2011) suggest, another way by which HRM strategies can be customized to bu siness strategies is by making HRM strategies part of the organizational hierarchy. This means that the human resource manager must feature among other top echelons of the organization such as finance, marketing, corporate planning, supply chain management, sales and management. At the same